Main characteristics and safe use of hydrofluoric acid

Hydrofluoric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride gas (HF), which appears as a colorless, transparent, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Pure hydrogen fluoride is sometimes also referred to as anhydrous hydrofluoric acid. Due to the relatively strong bonding ability between hydrogen and fluorine atoms, hydrofluoric acid cannot be completely ionized in water, making it a weak acid in theory at low concentrations. It is highly corrosive and can strongly corrode metals, glass, and silicon-containing objects. It is also highly toxic, and inhaling its vapor or contacting it with the skin can cause burns that are difficult to heal. In the laboratory, it is generally prepared using fluorite (mainly composed of calcium fluoride) and concentrated sulfuric acid. It needs to be sealed in a plastic bottle and stored in a cool place. 
Regulatory information 
    Hydrofluoric acid (*) (corrosive) 
    This product is controlled by the public security department in accordance with the Regulations on the Safety Administration of Hazardous Chemicals. 
Basic Information 
    Chinese name: 
    Chinese aliases: hydrogen fluoride; anhydrous hydrogen fluoride; hydrofluoric acid; hydrogen fluoride solution; anhydrous hydrogen fluoride; anhydrous hydrofluoric acid; 
    Hydrofluoric acid, 99.99% (METALSBASIS) with a minimum of 40%; Hydrofluoric acid, ACS, 48-51%; Hydrofluoric acid, ENVIRONMENTALGRADE, 47-51%; Hydrofluoric acid, ENVIRONMENTALGRADEPLUS, 47-51%. English name: Hydrofluoric Acid 
trait 
    A colorless, transparent, fuming liquid, it is an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride gas. It exhibits weak acidity and has a pungent odor. When it reacts with silicon and silicon compounds, it produces gaseous silicon tetrafluoride. However, it does not corrode plastics, paraffin, lead, gold, or platinum. It is miscible with water and ethanol. Its relative density is 1.298. A 38.2% hydrofluoric acid solution is an azeotropic mixture with an azeotropic point of 112.2℃. It is highly toxic, with a minimum lethal dose (intraperitoneal injection in rats) of 25mg/kg. It is corrosive and can strongly corrode metals, glass, and silicon-containing objects. Inhalation of its vapor or contact with skin can lead to the formation of ulcers that are difficult to heal. 
store 
    Store the plastic bottle in a sealed and cool place. 
purpose 
    Determination of silicon dioxide. Metallurgical metallographic analysis. Analysis of silicon compounds. Manufacture of fluorides. Copper-based cleaning agents. Glass etching. 
safety measures 
    Leakage: Quickly evacuate personnel from the contaminated area to a safe area, and isolate them, strictly restricting their entry and exit. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and wear acid and alkali resistant work clothing. Do not directly touch the leaked material. Try to cut off the source of leakage as much as possible, and prevent it from entering restricted spaces such as sewers and flood discharge channels. 
    Small amount of leakage: Use sand, dry lime, or soda ash for mixing. Alternatively, flush with copious amounts of water, and after dilution, dispose of the washing water into the wastewater system. 
    In case of a large-scale leakage: Build a dam or dig a pit for containment; use a pump to transfer the leaked material to a tanker or a dedicated collector for recycling or transport to a waste disposal site for disposal. 
Fire extinguishing methods 
    Combustibility: Non-combustible 
    Fire extinguishing agent: water spray, foam. 
    Fire extinguishing precautions: Firefighters must wear oxygen breathing apparatus and full-body protective clothing. 
Emergency handling 
    Inhalation: 
    1. When providing assistance, it is necessary to wear appropriate and safe personal protective equipment to ensure your own safety. 
    2. Remove the source of contamination or move the patient to a place with fresh air circulation. 
    3. If breathing stops, trained personnel should immediately perform artificial respiration and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Avoid mouth-to-mouth contact, and it is best to administer oxygen under the guidance of a doctor. 
Skin contact: 
    1. Avoid direct contact with this chemical. Wear impermeable gloves if necessary. 
    2. Immediately flush the affected area with PREVOR HEXAFLUORINE Solution. Remove contaminated clothing during flushing to prevent the chemical from spreading and increasing the contact area with the body through the clothing. 
    3. If there is no PREVOR HEXAFLUORINE Solution on site, immediately flush the affected area with gently flowing warm water for more than 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing while flushing. Then apply 2.5% calcium gluconate gel to the injured area. 
    4. Seek medical attention. 
Eye contact: 
    1. Immediately flush the eyes with PREVOR HEXAFLUORINE Solution (LPM 500ml), and it is recommended to use it all at once. Then, clean the eyes with Osmotic Balance Eye Drops (Afterwash II, 200ml) to alleviate discomfort caused by splashes and cleaning. 
    2. If there is no PREVOR HEXAFLUORINE Solution (六氟灵洗眼器) on site, immediately open the eyelid and rinse the affected area with gently flowing warm water for 15 minutes. Be careful not to let the rinsing solution contaminate the unaffected eye. If immediate medical attention is not possible, apply 1 or 2 drops of 0.5% pontocaine hydrochloride solution and seek medical attention later. 
    3. Seek medical attention. 
Ingestion: 
    1. If the patient is about to lose consciousness, has already lost consciousness, or is experiencing convulsions, do not feed anything through the mouth. 
    2. Rinse your mouth thoroughly with cold water. 
    3. Do not induce vomiting. 
    4. Ask the patient to drink 240-300ml of 10% calcium gluconate solution to dilute the substances in the stomach. 
    5. If the patient vomits spontaneously, have them lean forward to avoid inhaling the vomit. 
    6. Encourage the patient to drink water repeatedly. 
    7. Seek medical attention. 
                                                                                 

                                                                                                                       Zibo Huijie Chemical Co., Ltd